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高中英语语法归纳

    11-14 22:55:02    浏览次数: 337次    栏目:高中英语语法

标签:高中英语语法资料大全,http://www.deyou8.com 高中英语语法归纳,
educate-education(n)
unfortunate-unfortunately ( adr. ) -fortunately(反义词)一fortunate ( adj.)-fortune(n)
transport-transportation( n.)
industrial-industry ( n.)工业一industrialization( n.)工业化 
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三、重点短语
at the top of 在……顶端
at the bottom of 在……底部
make effort 努力
be connected with 与……有联系
be close to 接近,靠近
a period of time 一段时间
up to 直到
make progress 取得进步
agree to do 同意做……
reduce... to 减至
increase...by 以……的幅度增加
move out of 脱离,摆脱
make sure 确保
be similar to 与……相似
in recent years 近年来
as a result 结果 

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四、重点句式
while引起的并列句“介词短语/副词+谓语十主语”的倒装
with复合结构
Beijing has a lot more inhabitants than Sydney.
There are fewer tourists in Beijing than in Sydney。
I think Sydney has less rain than Beijing.
Sydney doesn't have as much pollution as Beijing.
五、语法归纳
连词
(一)连词的定义
用来连接词、短语、从句与句子的词叫连词。连词是一种虚词,在句中不重读,不能独立担任句子成分。根据在句中所起的作用,连词可分为并列连词和从属连词两类:
(二)并列连词
连接具有并列关系的词、短语或句子的连词叫并列连词。根据其意义,并列连词又可分为表示联合、转折、选择和因果四种关系的连词。
1.表示联合关系的并列连词
表示联合关系的并列连词有:and(和),both... and...(既……又…… ) , neither... nor...(既不……也不……),
not only... but also...(不但……而且…... ) , as well as(除……外……也……)。
They can both read English and speak it well.他们能读英语而且说得很好。
Neither you nor he is wrong.你和他都没有错。 
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He not only had read the book but also remembered what he had read.
他不仅记得读了那本书,而且还记得读过的内容。
1 am a teacher and he is a doctor.我是老师,他是医生。
He has experience as well as knowledge.(=He has not only knowledge but also experience.)
他既有知识,又有经验。
Neither I nor he has seen the film. 我没看过这部电影,他也没看过
2.表示转折关系的并列连词
表示转折关系的并列连词有:but(可是,但是),while(而,然而),still(但是,然而),yet(可是),however(然而,但是),whereas(而),nevertheless(然而,不过)。
I am willing, yet unable.我心有余而力不足。
He is short,while his brother is tall.他个子矮,而他兄弟个子高-
He worked hard, however, he failed.他很努力,然而还是失败了。( however可置句首、句中或句末)
The pain was bad,still he did not complain.他痛得厉害,可是他并没有呻吟
3.表示选择关系的并列连词
表示选择关系的并列连词有:or(或),or else(否则),otherwise(要不然),either. . . or...(或,••…或……,不是……就是….. ) , rather than(而不,也不)
I must work hard,or I'll fail in the exam.我得认真学习,否则不能通过考试。
Either you or I am to blame.不是你就是我会受到批评
You can either do it by yourself,or you can ask someone else to do it.
你可以自己做,也可以请人做。 
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Seize the chance, otherwise( or else) you'll regret it.
抓住机会,否则你会后悔的。( otherwise, or else常接在祈使句后面)
You can either stay at home or go fishing.你可以呆在家里,或是去钓鱼:
He went rather than stay as an unwelcome guest.他走了,不愿留下来做个不受欢迎的客人。
4.表示因果关系的并列连词
表示因果关系的并列连词有:so(所以),for(因为)
It is moming,for the birds are singing.是早晨了,因为鸟叫了。
It was late, so I went home.天色已晚,因此我就回家了。
[注意]then(那么,因而),thus(因而),hence(因此),therefore(因此,所以)等副词常可放句首表示因果关系He was busy,therefore he could not come.他忙,因此不能来。
He studied hard,thus he got a full mark.他很用功,因而得了满分、
His car broke down,thus he was late for work.他的车坏了,因此他上班迟到。
It is winter now,hence the days will be shorter.现在是冬天,因此白天会短些。
(三)从属连词
用来连接主句和从句的连词叫从属连词从属连词可分为两类:引导名词性从句的从属连词和引导状语从句的从属连词
1.引导名词性从句的从属连词
引导名词性从句的从属连词有连接词that, whether和if,这些连接词在句中不充当任何句子成分;连接代词主要有who, whom, whose, which, what等,它们在句中可作主语、宾语、定语等;连接副词主要有when, where, how, why等,它们在句中可作状语(详情见名词性从句)。 
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We know( that)the earth goes round the sun.我们知道地球围绕太阳运转(宾语从句)
What we need is more time.我们需要的是更多的时间。(主语从句)
That's what I want.那就是我想要的。(表语从句)
The news that our team had won was very exciting.我们队赢了,这消息十分令人振奋。(同位语从句)
2.引导状语从句的从属连词
(1)引导时间状语从句的从属连词:
when(当……时),while(在……期间),as(当……时,一边……一边),after(在……之后),before(在……之前),since(自从……以来),till/until(直到,直到……才),once(一旦..... ) , as soon as(一......就..... ) , the moment/instant(一……就……),no sooner... than(刚……就……),hardly... when(刚……就……)等
Once you begin,you must go on.一旦你开了头,你就必须继续下去
When it rains,I go to school by bus.下雨时,我坐公共汽车上学。
(2)引导原因状语从句的从属连词:
as(由于),because(因为),since(既然)等。
He didn't go to school because he was ill.他因为生病没去上学。
Since everybody is here,let's begin. 既然大家都在这里、我们就开始吧
(3)引导地点状语从句的从属连词:
where(在……地方),wherever(无论在……哪里)等。
Wherever she may be,she will be happy.她无论在什么地方都快乐
Where there is a will, there is a way.有志者,事竟成。
(4)引导条件状语从句的从属连词: 
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if(如果),unless(除非),so/as long as(只要)等
He will not come unless he is invited.除非被邀请,否则他是不会来的。
You'll be late for the class if you don't hurrv.如果你不快点,你就会上课迟到。
(5)引导目的状语从句的从属连词:
that(以便),so that(为了),in order that(为了),lest(以防,免得),in case(以防,免得)等、
She took medicine on time in order that she might get well soon.为了快点康复,她按时吃药。
I came here that I might take a good look at the new bridge. 我来这儿,为的是好好看看这座新桥
(6)引导结果状语从句的从属连词:

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