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高中英语语法归纳

    11-14 22:55:02    浏览次数: 337次    栏目:高中英语语法

标签:高中英语语法资料大全,http://www.deyou8.com 高中英语语法归纳,
On the top of the hill stands an old temple. 这个山顶上有一座庙。
(3 )there be结构及其变体的完全倒装。
There is a tall tree in front of the house. 这所房子前面有一裸大树。
〔注意〕在there be结构中,可以代替be的还有以下动词:live,lie,stand,appear,rise,remain,happen,come,go等。
Once there lived an old fisherman in a village by the sea. 从前,在海边的一个村子里住着一位老渔夫。
(4)直接引语放在句首引起的完全倒装。
若直接引语的部分或全部放在句首,并且说话人是名询时,将say或ask置于说话人前,构成完全倒装。
“Are you ready?"asked the teacher. “准备好了没有?”老师问道。
"It is unbelievable!”said Alfred Butts. 阿尔弗雷德•布滋说,“这真叫人难以置信!”
19. There is a mountain range called the Alps. 有一座山脉叫做阿尔卑斯山脉。 
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called the Alps被叫做阿尔卑斯山脉,此处,called the Alps是过去分词短语作后置定语,相当于which is called the Alps,这是一个定语从句,过去分词作定语,表示被动和完成。
a boy named Jack一个名叫杰克的男孩。
They built a monument in memory of the people killed in the war.
他们建了一座纪念碑,用以怀念在战争中遇害的人们。
不定式、过去分词和现在分词的被动式作定语的区别: 这三种形式作定语,主要体现在动作发生的时间上。
(1)过去分词表示的动作或是在谓语所表示的动作之前发生,或是没有一定的时间性。
Have you read the novel written by Dickens? 你读过这本狄更斯写的小说吗?
He is a man loved and respected by all. 他是个受众人爱戴的人。
(2)现在分词的被动式作定语时表示的动作正在发生或是与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生:
Listen!The song being sung is very popular with the students.
听!现在唱的这首歌很受学生欢迎;
(3)不定式的被动式作定语时,表示一个未来的动作。
The question to be discussed at tomorrow's meeting is a very important one.
明天会上讨论的这个问题是个很重要的问题
试比较:
a house being built now一座正在被建造的房子
a house to be built next year一座要建造的房子
a house built last year一座去年建成的房子 
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20. Paris is the capital and largest city of France,
situated on the River Seine.巴黎是法国的首都,也是法国最大的城市,坐落在塞纳河畔。
如果两个名词指两个人或物,通常每个名词前都要加冠词;如果两个名词指同一个人或物,一般只用一个冠词。
He sent her the red and the white roses.
他送给她红玫瑰和白玫瑰(两种)
He sent her the red and white rose.
他送给她红白相间的玫瑰(一种)
The driver and the manager went to the company.
司机和经理一同来到公司。(两个人)
The driver and manager went to the company.
经理自己开着车来到公司。(一个人)
21. None of them speaks Spanish.没有一个人说西班牙语。
none pron 没有一个,无一
None of the money on the table is mine. 桌上的钱没有一分是我的。
None of us enjoy getting up early.我们中间没人喜欢早起
But none of them has been turned to stone yet! 但是他们谁也没有变成石头!
no one, none,nothing的用法
(1 ) no one单独使用,只用于指人,可以回答who提出的问题
-Who will get to station?谁要到车站去?
-No one.没有人。 
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(2) none一般与of短语连用,指人或物。none of the boys/the money/them中,none强调数的概念。none可以回答how mane ,how much提出的问题
He has many friends. But none of them can really help him when he is in trouble.
他有许多朋友,但当他遇到困难时却没有一个能真正帮他。
-How many Chinese stamps do you collect? 你收集了多少中国邮票?
-None一张没有。
(3) nothing表示“什么也没有,没有东西”,是全部否定,作主语、宾语或表语。
Nothing can stop us marching forward. 没有什么东西能阻止我们前进
22. The expanded European Union has a population of more than half a billion people,twice as big as the population of the United States. 扩大后的欧盟拥有五亿多人口,这个数目是美国人口的两倍。
(1)population n.
population的用法要注意以下四点:
①当问及国家、城市、地区等有多少人口时,可以用。
What is the population of China? 中国有多少人口?
②表达拥有多少人口时,我们常用have a population of.... 或some place with a population of. . . 。
China has a population of more than 1.3 billion people.
或China is a country with a population of more than 1.3 billion people. 中国有十三亿多人口
③当population置于句首充当句子的主语时,且其前有分数、百分数修饰时,谓语动词用复数。
About 80% of the Chinese population are Han people. 中国人口的80%是汉族 
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Two thirds of the population of this area are farmers. 这一地区三分之。的人口是农民
④修饰population这个词,常用big, large, small,而不用much, many等。
China has a large population.中国人口众多
(2) twice是名词,在这里表示倍数,倍数的表示法常有以下四种:
① A is... times + adj. /adv.的比较级+than B
This bridge is three times longer than that one. 这座桥比那座桥长三倍。
At least,the train runs five times faster than the boat. 火车的速度至少比小船快五倍
② A is... times as + adj. /adv.的原级+as B
This bridge is four times as long as that one. 这座桥是那座桥的四倍长
At least,the train runs six times as fast as the boat火车的速度至少是小船的速度的六倍
③ A is... times the size/ length/ width/ height/ depth+of +B
This bridge is four times the length of that one. 这座桥是那座桥的四倍长
After the experiment,the plant is six times the height of what it was before.
试验之后,植物的高度是原来的六倍
④ The size/length/height/depth/width+of A+is+… times of+B
The length of this bridge is four times of that bridge. 这座桥是那座桥的四倍长
Your room is three times as big as mine.
Your room is twice bigger than mine.
=The size of your room is inree times that of mine.
=your room is three times the size of mine. 你房间的面积是我房间的面积的三倍 

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Module 2 Develop and Develod Countries
一、重点单词

hunger n.饥饿
income n.收入
poverty n.贫穷
human n..(与动物等对比的)人
development n.发展
unfortunate adj.不幸的;遗憾的
location n.位置;所在地
tourism n.旅游业
transport n.交通工具
measure vt.测定;测量;评估
goal n.目标
expectancy n.(根据概率得出的)预期数额
position n.位置
educate vt.教育;培养;训练
household n. 一家人;家庭
homeless adj.无家可归的
charity n.慈善团体 
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crowded adj.拥挤的
freeway n.高速公路
inhabitant n.居民
similarity n.类似;相似
industrial adj.工业的
polluted adj.受到污染的
smart adj.漂亮的;整洁的;时髦的
vast adj.巨大的;庞大的;浩瀚的
entertainment n.娱乐
exchange n.交换

二、词汇拓展
hunger-hungry ( adj.)
human-humanism ( n.)人道主义

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