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2011年全国材料员考试试题五(2)

    11-14 22:49:11    浏览次数: 479次    栏目:材料员考试试题

标签:材料员试题,历年材料员考试真题,http://www.deyou8.com 2011年全国材料员考试试题五(2),
  1. 名词解释 (每题2分,共12分)
  2. 憎水性材料是指当水分子之间的内聚力大于水分子与材料表面分子之间的吸引力时,材料表面不会被水浸润,此种材料称为憎水性材料。
  3. 气硬性胶凝材料是指只能在空气中硬化,保持并继续发展其强度的胶凝材料。
  4. 混凝土强度保证率是指混凝土强度总体中大于设计的强度等级值的概率。
  5. 建筑钢材的冲击韧性是指钢材抵抗冲击荷载的能力。
  6. 时效敏感性是指因时效而导致钢材性能改变的程度的大小。
  7. 沥青混合料的高温稳定性是指在高温条件下,沥青混合料承受多次重复荷载作用而不发生过大的累积塑性变形的能力。
  8. 判断题 (对的划√,不对的划×, 每题1分,共15分)

    √ 2. × 3. √ 4. × 5. × 6. × 7. × 8. √ 9. × 10. × 11. × 12. × 13. × 14. √ 15.×
  9. 填空题 ( 每题1分,共25分)
  10. CaO+H2O=Ca(OH)2,Ca(OH)2 +CO2 +H2O=CaCO3 +2H2O
  11. 硅酸盐水泥、矿渣水泥、粉煤灰水泥、火山灰质水泥 、普通硅酸盐水泥、复合水泥。
  12. 砂的颗粒级配 ,砂的粗细程度,颗粒级配和粗细程度
  13. 施工 ,密实成型,小
  14. 提高,降低,有所下降,屈服强度
  15. 抗冻性,吸水率,饱和系数
  16. 弹性体改性沥青卷材,塑性体沥青卷材
  17. 假定表观密度法、体积法
  18. 问答题 (共30分)
    1. The following measures can be taken to improve concrete strength

    (1) Use high strength cement (2分)

    (2) Reduce W/C as small as possible (2分)

    (3) Use clean sand and scree with excellent gradation. It is recommended to use small grain size scree in high strength concrete. (2分)

    (4) Use high efficient water-reducing admixture and mixing admixture. Hardening acceleratorcan be used to improve early strength. (2分)

    (5) Keep proper temperature and higher humidity for curing. It also can be cured in humid and hot condition (steam cure) to improve the early strength. (2分)

  19. Durability is proposed for the description of concrete ability in resisting environment and medium influence and maintaining good utility properties. The following steps can be taken to enhance its durability: (1分)

    (1) select cement type according to the specific construction environment and properties. (2分)

    (2) set W/C and use cement properly. W/C is the decisive factor in concrete solidity. Strictly control the maximum W/C and guarantee the plentiful usage of cement (2分)

    (3) select excellent crushed stones and crude aggregates. Improve the fine and crude aggregates gradation. Select the crude aggregates with larger diameter within the permitted diameter ranges. Reduce aggregates voidage and specific surface area. (2分)

    (4) Use air entraining admixture and water reducing admixture to improve the anti-permeability and frost-resistance ability. (2分)

    (5) Enforce the construction quality control (1分)

  20. (1) Water resistance refers to the performance that the material shows in resisting the water destruction. It is remarked with softening index. (2分)

    (2) Permeability is defined as the ability resisting water permeation by pressure. It is expressed by permeability index and permeability gradation. (2分)

    (3) Anti-freezing refers to the ability that the saturated materials still keep its strength and integrality after repeated thawing and freezing circles. It is expressed by anti-freezing gradation. (2分)

  21. (1) Cohesion. Solid or half solid petrol asphalt can be expressed by penetration degree index. Liquid petrol asphalt can be expressed by standard cohesion. (1分)

    (2) Plasticity. It can be expressed by elongation index.(1分)

    (3) Temperature stability. It can be expressed by softening point index.(1分)

    (4) Atmosphere stability. It can be expressed by evaporation loss and penetration degree after evaporation index. (1分)

  22. 计算题 (共18分)
  23. 解:孔隙率 P =(1 - ρ0/ρ)× 100 %=(1-1.8/2.7)× 100 % =33 %;
    重量吸水率 mw =(m/m)× 100 %= [(1020-920)/920] × 100 % =11 %;
    开口孔隙率= V /V0 =[ (1020-920)/(920/1.8) ] × 100 %= 19.6 %
    闭口孔隙率= 33 %- 19.6 %= 13.4 %
    所以,该材料的孔隙率、重量吸水率、开口孔隙率及闭口孔隙率分别为: 33 %; 11 %; 19.6 %; 13.4 %。 (5分)

  24. 解:设水泥的质量为 CKg ,则 W = 0.62CKg ; S = 2.43CKg ; G = 4.71CKg ;
    按假定表观密度法有: C+S+G+W= ρ0h
    所以, C+ 0.62C + 2.43C + 4.71C = 2400
    由上式可得: C= 274Kg ; W = 170Kg ; S = 666Kg ; G = 1290Kg 。
    所以,各种材料的用量为: C= 274Kg ; W = 170Kg ; S = 666Kg ; G = 1290Kg 。(6分)

  25. 解:设混凝土n天的抗压强度为fn,龄期为n ,则 fn=Algn + B ①
    又有: f7 = Alg7 + B ②
    f14 = Alg14+ B ③
    由式 ②③得 : A=16.61 ; B = 6.96 ,
    代入式 ①得: f28 = 16.61lg28+ 6.96 = 31MPa (7分)