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2011年全国材料员考试试题二(2)

    11-14 22:49:11    浏览次数: 708次    栏目:材料员考试试题

标签:材料员试题,历年材料员考试真题,http://www.deyou8.com 2011年全国材料员考试试题二(2),
  1. 名词解释 (每题2分,共12分)
  2. 密度是指材料在绝对密实状态下,单位体积的质量 。
  3. 石灰陈伏是指石灰在化灰池中放置两周以上再使用的过程 。
  4. 石子的最大粒径是指石子中公称粒级的上限 。
  5. 碱-骨料反应是指水泥中的Ca(OH)2与骨料中的碱发生的反应 。
  6. 混凝土拌和物的粘聚性是指混凝土拌和物在施工过程中其组成材料之间有一定的粘聚力,不致产生分层和离析的现象 。
  7. 石油沥青的温度稳定性是指石油沥青的粘滞性和塑性随温度升降而变化的性能。
  8. 判断题 (对的划√,不对的划×, 每题1分,共15分)

    1. × 2. √ 3. × 4. × 5. √ 6. √ 7. √ 8. × 9. × 10. × 11. × 12. √ 13. × 14. × 15.×

  9. 填空题 ( 每题1分,共25分)
  10. 过量游离的 CaO 、过量游离的 MgO 、过量的石膏
  11. 不耐水
  12. 水泥强度、 W/C
  13. 强度公式、耐久性、混凝土坍落度值及所用骨料的种类、规格,混凝土拌和物的坍落度、粘聚性及保水性等特征
  14. 水泥、 水一定的条件下,最大、粘聚性、保水性
  15. 碳素结构钢、低合金结构钢
  16. 脆性临界温度以下,下降,冷脆性
  17. 粘度、延度、 软化点
  18. 问答题(共30分)
    1. The following measures can be taken to improve concrete strength
    (1) Use high strength cement (1分)
    (2) Reduce W/C as small as possible (1分)
    (3) Use clean sand and scree with excellent gradation. It is recommended to use small grain size scree in high strength concrete. (2分)
    (4) Use high efficient water-reducing admixture and mineral admixture. Hardening acceleratorcan be used to improve early strength. (2分)
    (5) Keep proper temperature and higher humidity for curing. It also can be cured in humid and hot condition (steam cure) to improve the early strength. (2分)
  19. When pouring site cast concrete, the added water in the concrete mixture will improve its mobility but reduce the viscidity and saturation. As W/C increases, the concrete strength and durability will be reduced for the increasing voidage, and it also causes the deformation and affects the construction quality. Therefore, If not required, it is forbidden to add water into the concrete mixture when pouring site cast concrete (7分)
  20. Durability is proposed for the description of concrete ability in resisting environment and medium influence and maintaining good utility properties. The following steps can be taken to enhance its durability:

    (1) select cement type according to the specific construction environment and properties. (2分)

    (2) set W/C and use cement properly. W/C is the decisive factor in concrete solidity. Strictly control the maximum W/C and guarantee the plentiful usage of cement (2分)

    (3) select excellent crushed stones and crude aggregates. Improve the fine and crude aggregates gradation. Select the crude aggregates with larger diameter within the permitted diameter ranges. Reduce aggregates voidage and specific surface area. (2分)

    (4) Use air entraining admixture and water reducing admixture to improve the anti-permeability and frost-resistance ability. (2分)

    (5) Enforce the construction quality control (2分)

  21. Petrol asphalt can be marked by penetration degree. The mark number is roughly the average penetration degree. The relation between the ordinary construction petrol asphalt and its properties is the higher the mark is, the smaller the viscosity is (the larger penetration degree), the higher the plasticity (the larger the ductility is), the lower the temperature stability (the lower the softening point is). (5分)
  22. 计算题
  23. 解:因为: f = P饱 max /A ; f = P干 max /A ;
    所以,软化系数= f / f = P饱 max /P干 max
    = 180/240=0.75 < 0.85
    所以,该材料不适合用作经常与水接触的工程部位的结构材料。(5分)

  24. 解:按试验室配合比, 1m3混凝土中各种材料得用量为:
    C= 300Kg ; W = 300 × 0.56 = 168Kg ; S = 300 × 1.92 = 576Kg ; G = 300 × 3.97 = 1191Kg ;
    所以,施工配合比为:
    C= 300Kg ; W = 168-576 × 5 % -1191 × 1 %= 127Kg ;
    S = 576 ×(1 + 5 %)= 605Kg ; G = 1191 × (1+1 % ) = 1203Kg ;
    施工配合比为: C= 300Kg ; W = 127Kg ; S = 605Kg ; G = 1203Kg 。 (6分)

  25. 解:设水泥的质量为CKg ,则 W = 0.62CKg ; S = 2.43CKg ; G = 4.71CKg ;
    按假定表观密度法有: C+S+G+W= ρ0h
    所以, C + 0.62C + 2.43C + 4.71C = 2400
    由上式可得: C= 274Kg ; W = 170Kg ; S = 666Kg ; G = 1290Kg 。
    所以,各种材料的用量为: C= 274Kg ; W = 170Kg ; S = 666Kg ; G = 1290Kg 。 (7分)