【知识网络】
一、重点词汇与短语
1．stress
（1）stress作 “强调; 着重”解时是及物动词, 可以构成被动语态.
例如:
Mum stressed that Jacky should be home by ten o’clock.
妈妈强调, 杰基一定要在十点钟之前回家.
（2）stress作名词表示: “重音; 重读”之意时, 一般为可数名词, 可以在前面加不定冠词., 其复数形式为stresses. 后接介词on.
例如:
The stress is on the first part of the word.
这个词的重音在前半部
（3）stress作名词表示 “压力; 压迫”之意时 既可为可数名词也可为不可数名词.
例如:
His vacation freed him from the stress of his job.
他的假期使他消除了工作所带来的紧张
（4）同义词: pressure n压力
反义词: moderate v.缓和
2．如何表达 “不但．．．而且”?
英语中表达 “不但．．．而且” 可以用以下几种方式:
not only ．．．but (also); not just ．．．but (also); not merely ．．．but．．．as well; not only ．．．too.
例如:
“他不仅是一个诗人,而且是一位画家。”一句可以有多种翻译：
He is not only a poet but (also) an artist.
He is not just a poet but (also) an artist.
He is not merely a poet but an artist as well.
He is not only a poet but an artist, too.
3．as if/though好像; 似乎
as if/though是从属连词, 引导方式状语从句或表语从句, 在使用时应注意:
（1）as if/though引导的从句所表示的情况不是事实, 而且如果是主观的想象或夸大性的比喻时, 谓语动词通常用虚拟语气.
例如:
The speaks English as if he were an Englishman.
他说起英语来, 好像是英国人似的
The machine works as though it were operated by a man.
这台机器工作起来就好像有人操作一样.
（2）常与feel, seem, look连用, 等于连词that, 其主语一般是it, 如果表示的情况是事实或具有很大的可能性, 谓语动词通常用陈述语气.
例如:
We have missed the bus. It looks as if we will have to walk.
我们没有赶上公共汽车, 看来我们得步行了.
（3）后面可接现在分词, 过去分词, 不定式或形容词等短语, 这类结构实际上是一个省略从句.
例如:
He cleared his throat as though to say something (=as though he were to say something).
他清了清嗓子, 好像要说什么似的
The woman set upon the thief as if mad (=as if she were mad)
那妇女发疯似地扑向小偷.
二、词义辨析
1．subject, theme, title和topic
（1）subject指 “题目; 课题”, 用途很广. 多指讨论,研究的对象.
例如:
“Laser processing” is the subject of the seminar.
课堂讨论的题目是 “激光处理”.
（2）theme “主题”, 一般指文学作品, 音乐作品等的主题.
例如:
Love is a major theme of his poetry.
他的诗的一个重要主题是爱情.
（3）title多指书籍等的 “标题”, 一般用于具体印刷或发行的文学作品, 书籍, 影片等.
例如:
The full title of the book is gone with the Wind.
这本书的全名是《飘》. title有时当 “称号”讲.
例如:
He deserves the title poet, labour hero, etc.
他配称为诗人, 劳动英雄等
（4）topic “题目”, 特别指谈话, 讨论. 演讲, 作文等的题目.
例如:
That’s not a fit topic on the talk.
这个报告的题目欠妥.
2．asleep, sleeping和sleepy的区别
这组词的共同意思是 “睡”. 其区别是:
（1）asleep和sleepy主要用作表语, asleep的意思是 “睡着的; 而sleepy的意思是 “想睡的”.
例如:
The army attacked at night when the enemy was asleep.
在夜间敌人熟睡时军队发起了攻击.
The child was sleepy, his head was nodding.
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