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高二英语Units 9-10 (B2)学案,
（4）在there be结构中
There will be a basketball match this afternoon.
（5）直接引语的一部分或全部放在句首时, 有时也用倒装.
如:
“It looks as if a typhoon is coming on,” said the captain.
（6）在虚拟语气条件中, 谓语动词有were, had, should等词,可将if省略, 把 were, had, should移到主语之前, 采用部分倒装.
如:
Were I you, I would try again.
（7） as, though引导的倒装句, 进行倒装时, 必须将表语或状语提前, 但需注意, 句首名词不带任何冠词.
如:
Young as he is, he is very brave.
（8）在so…that句型中的so位于句首时, 需倒装.
如:
So frightened was he that he did not dare to move an inch.
（9）某些表示祝愿的句型中.
如：
May you all be happy.
（二） 省略句
1．省略句的定义
省略是为了避免重复, 突出新信息并使上下文紧密连接的一种语法修辞手段. 省略在语言中, 尤其在对话中, 是一种十分普遍的现象.
2．省略的应用
（1）在由and连接的句子中, 为避免重复常省略一些重复的词或词组.
1).省略共同的主语或宾语.
如:
Mr. Smith picked up a coin in the road and (Mr. Smith) handed it to a policeman
2).若主语不同而谓语助动词, 情态动词相同, 则省略后面的助动词或情态动词,
如:
Jack must have been playing football and Mary (must have been) doing her homework.
3).若主语与谓语动词相同, 则省略后面的主谓成分.
如:
His advice made me happy, but (his advice made) Jim angry.
4).若主语不同, 但主要动词及后续部分相同, 则省略主要动词及后续部分.
如:
I was born in winter in 1988 and Bob (was born in winter) in 1989.
5)省略重复的介词, 连词及后续部分.
如:
He was late because he had overslept and (because he had) missed the train.
（1）省略介词
1)一些常用的动词, 名词或形容词一起搭配的介词常省略, 而保留其后的动名词. 常见句型有:
spend/waste time (in) doing, have difficulty/trouble (in) doing, it’s no use/good (in) doing, be busy (in) doing, stop/prevent sb (from) doing,
如:
He spent four hours (in) going over his lessons.
2)表示时间的介词at, on和in用在next, last, this, these, yesterday, tomorrow, one, any, every, each, some, all等词之前, 一般都省略; 表示一段时间的时间状语之前的for也可省略.
如:
We have been here (for) three years. (否定句中不可省略)
He did it (in) this way.
3．动词不定式省略, 只保留to的场合
（1）不定式动作某些动词的宾语时. 常见动词如: like, love, care, hope, wish, expect, prefer, refuse, mean, try, persuade, agree, want, afford,
forget, remember, manage等.
如:
You can do it in this way if you like to.
（2）不定式在句中作某些动词后的宾语或主语补足语时. 常见动词如:ask, tell, advise, force, persuade, wish, allow, permit, expect, order, warn等。
如:
She wants to come but her parents won’t allow her to.
（3）不定式在句中作某些形容词的状语时. 常见形容词如:happy, glad, eager, anxious, willing, ready等.
如:
I think she should get a job, but you can’t force her of she’s not ready to.
（4）不定式作某些复合谓语时. 常见结构如:be able to, be going to, have to, ought to, used to等.
如:
He doesn’t like fish but he used to.
4．动词不定式符号to的省略
（1）主语部分有to do, 系动词是is或was时, 作表语的不定式常省略to.
如:
The only thing you have to do is (to) press the button.
（2）作介词but, expect, besides的宾语时, 前面有实义动词do时, 常省略不定式符号to. 如:
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